AGA technical review on management of oropharyngeal dysphagia.

AGA Technical Review on Treatment of Patients With Dysphagia Caused by Benign Disorders of the Distal Esophagus

Dysphagia is the perception that there is an impediment to the normal passage of swallowed material. Odynophagia is the sensation of pain on swallowing. Dysphagia can be caused by a number of disorders, benign and malignant, that involve either the oropharynx or the esophagus. The purpose of this report is to develop a rational approach to the treatment of adult patients who have dysphagia caus...

Validity and Reliability of the Persian Version of the Dysphagia Handicap Index (DHI)

Introduction: The Dysphagia Handicap Index (DHI) is one of the instruments used for measuring a dysphagic patient’s self-assessment. In some ways, it reflects the patient’s quality of life. Although it has been recognized and widely applied in English speaking populations, it has not been used in its present forms in Persian speaking countries. The purpose of this study was to adapt a Persian v...

Esophageal introitus (with videos).

For GI endoscopists and otolaryngologists, esophageal introitus (EI) is an arbitrary yet overlapping boundary. Many times, the term EI is used interchangeably with pharyngoesophageal sphincter or upper esophageal sphincter. In this review, the authors broadened the definition of EI to cover the lower part of the hypopharynx posterior to the larynx, the esophageal opening posterior to the cricoi...

Management of Oropharyngeal Dysphagia in Laryngeal and Hypopharyngeal Cancer

On considering a function-preserving treatment for laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer, swallowing is a capital issue. For most of the patients, achieving an effective and safe deglutition will mark the difference between a functional and a dysfunctional outcome. We present an overview of the management of dysphagia in head and neck cancer patients. A brief review on the normal physiology of sw...

American Gastroenterological Association medical position statement on management of oropharyngeal dysphagia.